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Cambridge Public Health

 
Everitt Butterfield Research Fellow in Emerging Infectious Diseases

I am an applied infectious diseases epidemiologist. My research focusses on emerging and high consequence infectious diseases, covering aspects such as risk factor identification, development of novel surveillance systems and outbreak response mechanisms.

My current research is primarily concerned with the early detection and prevention of spillover-borne outbreaks of emerging zoonotic diseases. Additionally, I am interested in risk factors for and early detection of infectious disease outbreaks in complex and fragile settings such as humanitarian emergencies or peri-urban informal settlements.

I completed my PhD in the Health Protection Research Unit for Emergency Preparedness and Response under the supervision of Professor Paul Hunter on outbreak risks in humanitarian emergencies.

After my PhD, I worked as an epidemiologist with the European Field Epidemiology Training Program. During that time, I was involved in the COVID-19 response in the European Union and Papua New Guinea as well as the Ebola response in the North-Eastern DRC.

Publications from Elements

Journal articles

2023 (Accepted for publication)

  • Hammer, C., 2023 (Accepted for publication). High prevalence of asymptomatic malaria in Forest Guinea: Results from a rapid community survey Epidemiology and Infection,
  • 2023

  • Hahné, S., Hammer, C., Tostmann, A., Whelan, J. and Williams, C., 2023. Field Epidemiology: Fit for the future. Euro Surveill, v. 28
    Doi: http://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2023.28.36.2300347
  • Schaeffer, J., Hammer, CC., Evlampidou, I., Bubba, L., Igloi, Z., Dub, T., Wendland, A., Whelan, J., Nielsen, S., Baidjoe, A., Tostmann, A. and EPIET Alumni Network Boards 2017–2023, , 2023. Field Epidemiology and Public Health Microbiology training: capturing the alumni perspectives of the training's impact. Euro Surveill, v. 28
    Doi: http://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2023.28.36.2300388
  • Brainard, J., Jones, NR., Harrison, FCD., Hammer, CC. and Lake, IR., 2023. Super-spreaders of novel coronaviruses that cause SARS, MERS and COVID-19: a systematic review. Ann Epidemiol, v. 82
    Doi: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.annepidem.2023.03.009
  • 2022

  • Hooper, L., Abdelhamid, A., Ajabnoor, SM., Esio-Bassey, C., Brainard, J., Brown, TJ., Bunn, D., Foster, E., Hammer, CC., Hanson, S., Jimoh, FO., Maimouni, H., Sandhu, M., Wang, X., Winstanley, L., Cross, JL., Welch, AA., Rees, K. and Philpott, C., 2022. Effects of fluid and drinking on pneumonia mortality in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Nutr ESPEN, v. 47
    Doi: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.11.021
  • Hammer, CC., Dub, T., Luomala, O. and Sane, J., 2022. Is clinical primary care surveillance for tularaemia a useful addition to laboratory surveillance? An analysis of notification data for Finland, 2013 to 2019. Euro Surveill, v. 27
    Doi: http://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2022.27.4.2100098
  • Hammer, CC., Lyytikäinen, O., Arifulla, D., Toura, S. and Nohynek, H., 2022. High influenza vaccination coverage among healthcare workers in acute care hospitals in Finland, seasons 2017/18, 2018/19 and 2019/20. Euro Surveill, v. 27
    Doi: http://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2022.27.17.2100411
  • 2021

  • Hammer, CC., Cristea, V., Dub, T. and Sivelä, J., 2021. High but slightly declining COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and reasons for vaccine acceptance, Finland April to December 2020. Epidemiol Infect, v. 149
    Doi: http://doi.org/10.1017/S0950268821001114
  • Carlson, CJ., Farrell, MJ., Grange, Z., Han, BA., Mollentze, N., Phelan, AL., Rasmussen, AL., Albery, GF., Bett, B., Brett-Major, DM., Cohen, LE., Dallas, T., Eskew, EA., Fagre, AC., Forbes, KM., Gibb, R., Halabi, S., Hammer, CC., Katz, R., Kindrachuk, J., Muylaert, RL., Nutter, FB., Ogola, J., Olival, KJ., Rourke, M., Ryan, SJ., Ross, N., Seifert, SN., Sironen, T., Standley, CJ., Taylor, K., Venter, M. and Webala, PW., 2021. The future of zoonotic risk prediction. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci, v. 376
    Doi: http://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2020.0358
  • Mukka, M., Pesälä, S., Hammer, C., Mustonen, P., Jormanainen, V., Pelttari, H., Kaila, M. and Helve, O., 2021. Analyzing Citizens' and Health Care Professionals' Searches for Smell/Taste Disorders and Coronavirus in Finland During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Infodemiological Approach Using Database Logs. JMIR Public Health Surveill, v. 7
    Doi: http://doi.org/10.2196/31961
  • Hammer, CC., Boender, TS. and Thomas, DR., 2021. Social media for field epidemiologists (#SoMe4epi): How to use Twitter during the #COVID19 pandemic. Int J Infect Dis, v. 110 Suppl 1
    Doi: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2021.05.035
  • Hammer, CC., Cristea, V., Dub, T. and Sivelä, J., 2021. Update on: high but slightly declining COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and reasons for vaccine acceptance, Finland April to December 2020. Epidemiol Infect, v. 149
    Doi: http://doi.org/10.1017/S0950268821001680
  • 2019 (Published online)

  • Hammer, CC., Brainard, J. and Hunter, PR., 2019 (Published online). Risk factors for communicable diseases in humanitarian emergencies and disasters: Results from a three-stage expert elicitation Global Biosecurity, v. 1
    Doi: 10.31646/gbio.5
  • Hammer, CC., Brainard, J. and Hunter, PR., 2019 (Published online). Rapid risk assessment for communicable diseases in humanitarian emergencies: validation of a rapid risk assessment tool for communicable disease risk in humanitarian emergencies Global Biosecurity, v. 1
    Doi: 10.31646/gbio.24
  • 2019

  • Hammer, CC., Brainard, J., Innes, A. and Hunter, PR., 2019. (Re-) conceptualising vulnerability as a part of risk in global health emergency response: updating the pressure and release model for global health emergencies. Emerg Themes Epidemiol, v. 16
    Doi: http://doi.org/10.1186/s12982-019-0084-3
  • Brainard, J., Hammer, CC., Bouzid, M., Hunter, PR. and Aquavalens Consortium, , 2019. Emerging pathogens and deliberate attacks on European water supplies: a scenario planning workshop. J Water Health, v. 17
    Doi: http://doi.org/10.2166/wh.2019.248
  • Setty, K., Loret, J-F., Courtois, S., Hammer, CC., Hartemann, P., Lafforgue, M., Litrico, X., Manasfi, T., Medema, G., Shaheen, M., Tesson, V. and Bartram, J., 2019. Faster and safer: Research priorities in water and health. Int J Hyg Environ Health, v. 222
    Doi: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheh.2019.03.003
  • 2018

  • Hammer, CC., Brainard, J. and Hunter, PR., 2018. Risk factors and risk factor cascades for communicable disease outbreaks in complex humanitarian emergencies: a qualitative systematic review. BMJ Glob Health, v. 3
    Doi: http://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2017-000647
  • Hammer, CC., 2018. Understanding excess mortality from not-so-natural disasters. Lancet Planet Health, v. 2
    Doi: http://doi.org/10.1016/S2542-5196(18)30222-5
  • Geere, J-AL., Cortobius, M., Geere, JH., Hammer, CC. and Hunter, PR., 2018. Is water carriage associated with the water carrier's health? A systematic review of quantitative and qualitative evidence. BMJ Glob Health, v. 3
    Doi: http://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2018-000764
  • 2017

  • Brainard, JS., Al Assaf, E., Omasete, J., Leach, S., Hammer, CC. and Hunter, PR., 2017. Forced migrants involved in setting the agenda and designing research to reduce impacts of complex emergencies: combining Swarm with patient and public involvement. Res Involv Engagem, v. 3
    Doi: http://doi.org/10.1186/s40900-017-0073-z